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White & Black MacBook Q&A - Updated July 15, 2016

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How do you upgrade the RAM in the 'White & Black' MacBook models? What type of RAM do they use? How much RAM do they actually support?

This Q&A explains how to upgrade the RAM in the white and black polycarbonate MacBook models shipped from 2006 until 2009 (model number A1181). These models should not be confused with the *Unibody* white MacBook models shipped in 2009 and 2010 (model number A1342), which EveryMac.com covers separately.

EveryMac.com also provides RAM upgrade instructions for the Aluminum 'Unibody' MacBook models shipped in 2008 (model identifier MacBook5,1). The current 'Retina' MacBook models do not have RAM that can be upgraded at all.

Users interested in upgrading the RAM will be pleasantly surprised to discover that the white and black MacBook models are quite a bit easier to upgrade than some previous Apple notebooks.

Photo Credit: Apple, Inc. (White MacBook)

Identification Help

The White or Black MacBook models can be collectively identified by the A1181Model Number on the bottom of the notebook toward the hinge in tiny type.

There are seventeen different models that share this model number, though, so this identifier is not sufficient to pinpoint the specific type of RAM or its actual maximum capacity.

However, the EMC Number -- listed underneath the removable battery -- and the Model Identifier -- provided in software -- both are unique enough for the purposes of upgrading the RAM.

To locate the model identifier, select 'About This Mac' under the Apple Menu on your computer and click the 'More Info..' button. If the MacBook is running OS X 10.7 'Lion' or later, you will need to click the 'System Report' button after clicking 'More Info..' as well.

The Model Identifier and EMC Number for each of these models follow:

EveryMac.com's Ultimate Mac Lookup feature -- as well as the EveryMac app -- also can uniquely identify these systems by their Serial Numbers, and this is another method that can be used to find the precise model.

More details about specific identifiers are provided in EveryMac.com's extensive Mac Identification section.

Official RAM Details

The Apple Support Site has a detailed PDF on 'How to Install Memory' in the MacBook that provides much of what you need to upgrade the stock RAM.

The Apple Support Document states that the MacBook:

Has two memory slots that you access by removing the memory door in the battery bay. Your MacBook comes with at least 512 MB of 667 MHz [or 800 MHz] Double Data Rate (DDR2) Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (SDRAM) installed.

Both memory slots can accept an SDRAM module that meets the following specifications:

• Double Data Rate Small Outline Dual Inline Memory Module (DDR SO-DIMM) format
• 1.25 inch or smaller
• 512 MB or 1 gigabyte (GB)
• 200-pin
• PC2-5300 DDR2 667 MHz Type RAM or PC2-6400 DDR2 800 MHz Type RAM

Official & Actual Maximum RAM

Apple officially supports a maximum of 2 GB of RAM in the original (Core Duo), 'Late 2006' and 'Mid-2007' MacBook models.

However, third-parties have discovered that the 'Late 2006' and 'Mid-2007' MacBook models -- both of which are equipped with a Core 2 Duo processor -- will work with 3 GB or 4 GB of RAM. Due to chipset limitations -- the same limitations that apply to the 'Late 2006' MacBook Pro systems -- these models can hold 4 GB of RAM but cannot fully utilize the memory beyond 3 GB due to the possibility of memory 'overlap'.

For these subsequent MacBook models -- Apple officially supports 4 GB of RAM, but, again, third-parties have found that these systems actually can support 6 GB of memory (using a mismatched 2 GB and 4 GB pair of memory modules).

For your convenience, the memory type and maximum memory capacity of each model are summarized below:

* These models officially support 2 GB of RAM. However, third-parties have been able to successfully upgrade these systems to 3 GB or 4 GB of RAM (it can hold 4 GB but cannot fully utilize the memory beyond 3 GB).

† These models officially support 4 GB of RAM, but third-parties have been able to upgrade the system to 6 GB of RAM using one 2 GB and one 4 GB memory module. As re-discovered by a helpful reader, it is possible to physically install 8 GB of RAM in these models, and it will show up as installed, but as soon as RAM in excess of 6 GB is used, performance will 'nose dive.'

RAM Performance Tests

For all of these MacBook systems, Apple reports that 'for best performance, fill both memory slots, installing an equal memory module in each slot.' Given the slower 'integrated graphics,' the MacBook is heavily dependent on system RAM, and consequently, Apple reports that installing equal RAM in each slot is important for maximum graphics performance.

Site sponsor Other World Computing posted detailed test results comparing the performance of different MacBook models configured with different 'official' and 'unofficial' memory configurations up to 4 GB.

Unsurprisingly, matched RAM is ideal, but the extra performance boost provided by a mismatched larger configuration is better than a matched smaller configuration. In other words, 3 GB mismatched (2 GB + 1 GB) provides higher performance than 2 GB matched (1 GB + 1 GB).

RAM Upgrade Video Instructions

The Apple document provides installation instructions which should be read in their entirety before one installs memory.

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However, this video from YouTuber 'readthename' is even better:

After watching the video, it should be clear that upgrading the RAM in these models is a straightforward endeavor. However, if you do not feel comfortable -- or have the time -- to perform the upgrade yourself, hiring a professional never is a bad idea.

MacBook RAM Purchase Options

Just because RAM meets the minimum listed criteria does not mean that it will necessarily function as intended in your Mac. Be sure to buy from a quality vendor that has tested their RAM with the specific type of MacBook to ensure full compatibility.

In the US (and many other countries), site sponsor Other World Computing sells memory and storage upgrades for the White and Black MacBook models (and all other Macs as well).

In the UK and Ireland, site sponsor Flexx sells MacBook compatible memory with free shipping. The company provides flat rate shipping to France, Germany, and Switzerland and inexpensive shipping for all of Europe, too.

In Canada, site sponsor CanadaRAM sells memory for all MacBook models with guaranteed compatibility, fast shipping, and no customs.

In Germany, site sponsor CompuRAM sells quality memory for all MacBook models with affordable delivery country-wide and in person pick up and professional installation service available in Munich.

In Australia, site sponsor RamCity sells MacBook compatible memory with a lifetime warranty and fast, flat-rate shipping Australia-wide.

In Southeast Asia, site sponsor SimplyMac.sg sells MacBook compatible memory with free delivery -- and optional upgrade service -- in Singapore and free shipping to Brunei, Hong Kong, Macau, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Zealand, the Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam.

Also see:

• How do you upgrade the hard drive in the 'White & Black' MacBook models? Do these models support an SSD?
• How do you upgrade the RAM in the White 'Unibody' MacBook models (A1342)? What type of RAM do they use? How much RAM do they actually support?
• How do you upgrade the RAM in the Aluminum 'Unibody' MacBook models (MacBook5,1)? What type of RAM do they use? How much RAM do they actually support?

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When replacing or upgrading a DIMM on the Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module, see the following sections:

D.1 Memory Module Installation Considerations

The Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module supports a variety of DIMM configurations that can include single-rank (SR) DIMMs, dual-rank (DR) DIMMs, or quad-rank (QR) DIMMs. When replacing or adding memory modules to the Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module, you should consider the following:

• Physical layout of the DIMMs and CPUs

For details, see DIMM and CPU Physical Layout.

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• DIMM population rules

For details, see DIMM Population Rules.

• DIMM classification labels

For details, see DIMM Rank Classification Labels.

• Error correction and parity

For details, see Error Correction and Parity

D.1.1 DIMM and CPU Physical Layout

The physical layout of the DIMMs and CPUs on a Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module is shown in FIGURE D-1.

FIGURE D-1 CPU and DIMM Physical Layout

D.1.2 DIMM Population Rules

The DIMM population rules for the Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module are as follows:

1. Do not populate any DIMM socket next to an empty CPU socket. Each processor contains a separate memory controller.

2. Each CPU can support a maximum of:

• Nine dual-rank (DR) or single-rank (SR) DIMMs; or
• Six quad-rank (QR) DIMMs with two per memory channel; or
• Three QR DIMMs with one per channel and three DR or SR DIMMs.

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3. Each CPU can support single DIMMs or two DIMMs per channel.

4. Each CPU can support a single DIMM in channel 0, or one DIMM each in channels 0 and 1.

5. A server CPU will support both 1.35v and 1.5v DIMMs, but will default to the higher voltage.

6. Populate DIMMs by location according to the following rules:

• Populate the DIMM slots for each memory channel that are the farthest from the CPU first.

For example, populate D8/D5/D2 first; then D7/D4/D1 second; and finally, D6/D3/D0. See FIGURE D-1.

• Populate QR DIMMs first, followed by SR or DR DIMMs.
• Populate QR DIMMs in blue sockets (D8/D5/D2) first then white sockets (D7/D4/D1). See FIGURE D-1.

Note that QR DIMMs are supported only in white sockets if adjacent blue socket contains a QR DIMM.

7. For maximum performance, apply the following rules:

• The best performance is ensured by preserving symmetry. For example, adding three of same kind of DIMMs, one per memory channel, and ensuring that both CPUs have the same size of DIMMs populated in the same manner.
• In certain configurations, DIMMs will run slower than their individual maximum speed. See TABLE D-1 for further details.



TABLE D-1 Memory Considerations and Limitations

1	DIMMs are available in two speeds: 1066 MHz and 1333 MHz.
2	DIMM speed rules are as follows: 3x DIMM per channel = 800 MHz 2x DIMM per channel = 1333 MHz (for single-rank and dual-rank DIMMs) or = 800 MHz (for quad-rank DIMMs) 1x DIMM per channel = 1333 MHz (if using 1333 MHz DIMMs1) 1x DIMM per channel = 1066 MHz (if using 1066 MHz DIMMs)
3	The system operates all memory only as fast as the slowest DIMM configuration.
1 This DIMM configuration requires CPUs supporting 1333 MHZ.

D.1.3 DIMM Rank Classification Labels

DIMMs come in a variety of ranks: single, dual, or quad. Each DIMM is shipped with a label identifying its rank classification. TABLE D-2 identifies the corresponding rank classification label shipped with each DIMM.

D.1.4 Error Correction and Parity

The server’s processor provides parity protection on its internal cache memories and error-correcting code (ECC) protection of the data. The system can detect and log the following types of errors:

• Correctable and uncorrectable memory ECC errors
• Uncorrectable CPU internal errors

Advanced ECC corrects up to 4 bits in error on nibble boundaries, as long as they are all in the same DRAM. If a DRAM fails, the DIMM continues to function.

Refer to the Oracle Integrated Lights Out Manager (ILOM) 3.0 Documentation Collection for information on how to access the error log.

D.1.5 Inconsistencies Between DIMM Fault LEDs and the BIOS Mapping of Faulty DIMMs

When a single DIMM is marked as faulty by ILOM (for example, fault.memory.intel.dimm.training-failed is listed in the SP Event Log), BIOS might map out the entire memory channel that contains the faulty DIMM as failing, that is, up to three DIMMs. As a result, the memory available to the operating system is reduced.

However, when the Fault Remind button is pressed, only the fault LED associated with the faulty DIMM lights. The fault LEDs for the other two DIMMs in the memory channel remain off. Therefore, you can correctly identify the faulty DIMM. When the faulty DIMM is replaced and the DIMM fault is cleared using ILOM, the memory available to the operating system returns to normal. For instructions for clearing DIMM faults, see the Oracle Integrated Lights Out Manager (ILOM) 3.0 Supplement for the Sun Blade X6270 M2 Server Module (821-0501).

D.1.6 Locations of Faulty DIMMs Using ILOM Versus BIOS

ILOM and BIOS use different formats to identify the location of a faulty DIMM.

• For ILOM, the format is Px/Dx, where x is 0 or 1 for CPUs, and 0 to 8 for DIMMs.
• For BIOS, the format is CPUx/CHANNELx/DIMMx, where x is 0 or 1 for CPUs, and 0 to 2 for channels and DIMMs.

TABLE D-3 shows the mapping of faulty DIMM locations as reported by ILOM and BIOS.

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